Next js

Advanced Topics (Optional) In Next Js

1. Incremental Static Regeneration (ISR)

  • Update static pages after build time without rebuilding the entire site.

  • Use revalidate in getStaticProps to specify seconds after which the page will be regenerated.

js
export async function getStaticProps() {
// fetch data
return {
props: { /* data */ },
revalidate: 60, // regenerate page at most once every 60 seconds
};
}

2. Middleware

  • Run code before a request is completed.

  • Useful for authentication, redirects, and rewrites.

  • Middleware is placed in middleware.js or middleware.ts at the root.

js
import { NextResponse } from 'next/server';

export function middleware(req) {
if (!req.cookies.get('token')) {
return NextResponse.redirect(new URL('/login', req.url));
}
return NextResponse.next();
}

3. API Routes & Serverless Functions

  • Build backend endpoints inside Next.js.

  • Use for authentication, database queries, or third-party API calls.

  • Supports serverless deployment platforms natively.

4. Custom Document and Custom App

  • Customize the HTML <html>, <head>, and <body> tags with _document.js.

  • Control global app behavior with _app.js, useful for wrapping pages with providers.

5. Dynamic Routing with Catch-All Routes

  • Create dynamic routes that match multiple segments:

js
// pages/blog/[...slug].js

  • Useful for deep nested routes or file structures.

6. Internationalization (i18n)

  • Support multiple languages with automatic locale routing.

  • Integrate translation libraries for localized content.

7. Performance Optimization

  • Image optimization with <Image>.

  • Script loading optimization (next/script).

  • Bundle analysis to reduce package size.

  • Custom webpack configuration.

8. Authentication & Authorization

  • Protect pages with middleware or getServerSideProps.

  • Integrate OAuth providers or custom JWT solutions.

9. Using React 18 Features

  • Support for React Server Components (experimental).

  • Concurrent rendering, Suspense for data fetching.

10. Deployment Best Practices

  • Use environment variables securely.

  • Monitor and analyze builds.

  • Edge caching and CDN usage.

Summary Table

Topic Description
Incremental Static Regeneration (ISR) Update static pages without full rebuild
Middleware Run logic before routing
API Routes Serverless backend endpoints
Custom Document/App Customize root HTML and app wrappers
Dynamic Routing Advanced route matching
i18n Internationalization support
Performance Optimization Image, script, bundle optimizations
Authentication Secure access control
React 18 Features New rendering paradigms
Deployment Best Practices Environment, caching, monitoring

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